Breastfeeding FAQ

Why should I breastfeed my baby? What are the benefits of breastfeeding?

The physical, emotional, and financial benefits of breastfeeding are numerous and well-documented. Breastmilk helps protect babies from infection and a number of chronic diseases. It is ideally formulated for babies and changes over time to suit their changing needs. Breastfeeding has even been linked to higher IQ and less obesity in children. Women who breastfeed are more likely to lose weight gained in pregnancy. They are at lower risk of having certain diseases as well. In addition, breastfeeding saves families money they would otherwise spend on formula and the nation money that would otherwise be spent on increased healthcare costs for children.


How do I ensure my baby is properly latched on?

Baby should be facing your breast, head supported by your hand, body aligned and well supported. Support your breast with your other hand well back from the areola and gently compress. Tickle baby's lips with the nipple and when you see the mouth open WIDE bring baby QUICKLY onto the breast. Bring baby to you - don't lean over. Check for flanged lips, well beyond the nipple base (can ease top lip up and chin down if necessary).


How often should I feed my baby? How will I know my baby is getting enough?

Feed every 1 - 3 hours for about 20 - 40 minutes, 8-12 times a day (you may need to wake a sleepy baby during the first few weeks). Offer both breasts but drain one before offering the other. Watch for hunger signs - rooting, hand to mouth, sucking, smacking, etc. Baby should have 6 - 8 wet diapers and enough stool to fit in the cupped palm of your hand a day. Watch for signs of dehydration such as dark yellow urine and a sunken soft spot. If your baby is urinating, having BMs, and gaining weight, he/she is getting enough milk. If you are concerned keep a record of feedings and diaper changes and call the pediatrician. (Note: Feedings will decrease in number but increase in amount as baby gets older.)


How should I care for my breasts while nursing?

Wash daily with water only (no soap, no washcloth). Allow to air dry. Wear a supportive cotton bra. You may use cotton nursing pads (for leaking).


What should I do if my nipples become sore?

Prevent with proper positioning (football hold, cradle hold, or lying down) and deep latch. Start on least sore side and limit time on sore nipple. Use relaxation techniques during feeding. Be sure to release the suction with a clean finger in the side of baby's mouth before pulling baby off the breast. After feeding, express a little milk, massage it into nipple/areola and let air dry (in sunlight if possible). You may also try using small amount of pure lanolin on the nipple (do not remove before next feeding). Breast shells with holes may be worn to keep clothing off the nipples and circulate air. If soreness persists beyond a week or more severe signs occur, seek the help of a lactation consultant.


What do I do if I become engorged?

Engorgement often occurs during the first week as colostrum changes to milk and breasts become firm and warm. Prevent by breastfeeding frequently (or expressing if you can't). Before feeding, take a hot shower or apply a hot, moist towel to your breasts for about 20 minutes. Express some milk to make latching on easier. Gently massage breasts and relax before and during feeding. After nursing, apply a bag of frozen peas (for example) to your breasts.


What do I need to know about pumping and storage of breastmilk?

Introduce a bottle when your baby is 4-6 weeks old and nursing well. Purchase or rent a high-quality breast pump. Wash hands before pumping. Relax during pumping. Store breastmilk in the refrigerator for up to 72 hours or the freezer for up to 6 months. Thaw by placing the frozen milk in warm water. Never microwave. Do not refreeze.


What can I do to encourage the supply and flow of my milk?

Remember that breastfeeding is a supply and demand system - your baby (or a pump) must stimulate your breasts in order for them to produce milk. Drink when thirsty, eat when hungry, rest when tired. Relax during feedings and avoid stress in general. Try visualization. Make sure you are comfortable and well supported during feedings.


How long should I breastfeed my baby?

As long as you and your baby wish. The AAP recommends "breastfeeding continue for at least 12 months, and thereafter for as long as mutually desired." The WHO recommends "exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months and thereafter infants should receive complementary foods with continued breastfeeding up to 2 years of age or beyond." Most U.S. moms stop sooner than officials at the CDC would recommend. Remember that your baby must have breastmilk and/or formula (not cow or soy milk) for the first year.


Be sure to call your health care provider or a lactation consultant if your baby will not latch properly, if sore nipples or engorgement persists, or if you have any concerns!

For more information about breastfeeding: